Solutions

Online Inquiry

* Your Name

* Phone Number

* E-mail Address

* Services Interested

Project Description

Please note that we are a research service provider, not a pharmacy or clinic, so we are unable to see patients and do not offer diagnostic and treatment services for individuals.

Ocular Adnexal Lymphoid Tumors

Ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors comprise a diverse collection of lymphoproliferative diseases with intricate causation, which include chronic antigenic stimulation and variation of the genes. Protharagen is aware of the distinctive problems that ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors present and provides tailored services for specific therapeutic development challenges.

Introduction to Ocular Adnexal Lymphoid Tumors

Ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors encompass a wide variety of neoplastic conditions that involve the ocular adnexa, which include eyelid, conjunctival, lacrimal, and orbital soft tissue. These range from benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to malignant lymphomas and have increased in incidence in recent years. Common complaints include conjunctival injection, lid edema, proptosis, and visual dysfunction. Diagnosis and classification of the tumors' processes and defining specific variants of lymphoma is accomplished through histopathological study, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis the most precise methods are.

Schematic diagram of eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT).

Fig.1 Eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT). (Kirkegaard M. K., 2022)

Diagnostics Development for Ocular Adnexal Lymphoid Tumors

Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry is an important technique for identifying particular markers associated with B-cell or T-cell lineage, as well as differentiating the various subtypes of lymphomas. Markers of interest may include CD20, CD3, and BCL2, among other proteins. For example, CD20 is usually positive in B-cell lymphomas, whereas T- T-cells are marked by CD3. BCL2 expression is frequently linked with a clinically more indolent course, while Ki-67 expressing cells are suggestive of increased proliferation.
Molecular Analysis
Monoclonal B-cell populations and genetic lesions are diagnosed with the aid of flow cytometry and PCR, while more advanced methods of detecting chromosomal translocations and mutations include fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). For instance, FISH detects the t(11;18) (q21;q21) translocation responsible for MALT lymphomas, while mutations within the NF-κB signaling pathways are recognized by NGS.

Therapeutics Development for Ocular Adnexal Lymphoid Tumors

Chemotherapy

More aggressive or disseminated diseases are treated with chemotherapy, specifically with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone), which is often more effective. This regimen is very effective for high-grade lymphomas.

Targeted Therapies

Research has shown that the complete remission rates achieved with rituximab in patients with relapsed MALT lymphomas is as high as 70%. Other targeted therapies like BTK and PI3K inhibitors are also being researched for use in therapeutic resistant cases.

Antibiotic Therapy

Several cases suffering from MALT lymphomas have shown complete remission after undergoing doxycycline based regimens. This implies that therapeutic antibiotics aimed at treating Chlamydia psittaci, achieve partial success.

Immunotherapy

The application of immunotherapy such as interferon therapy and intralesional injections of rituximab or interferon is novel. Employing the immune system to locate and destroy cancerous cells is a hallmark feature of these methods.

Our Services

Protheragen provides a full range of services related to the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for ocular adnexal lymphoid tumors. We offer powerful diagnostic services, including histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis. Additionally, we have expertise in designing targeted therapies like monoclonal antibodies and small molecules for these tumors' specific genetic and immunologic imprints.

Diagnostics Development

Karyotype Analysis Service
Omics Analysis Service
Biomarker Development Service
Artificial Intelligence Service

Therapeutic Development

Small Molecule Drug
Cell Therapy
Gene Therapy
Therapeutic Antibody
Therapeutic Peptide
Therapeutic Protein

Preclinical Research

Pharmacodynamics Study Services
Pharmacokinetics Study Services
Drug Safety Evaluation Services

Disease Models

Chlamydia psittaci Induction Models
BCL2 Transgenic Mouse Models
p53 Knockout Mouse Models
Xenograft Animal Models
Chemical Induction Models

Protheragen's team of experts collaborates closely with clients to design tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ensuring alignment with their goals. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.

References

Kirkegaard, Marina Knudsen. Ocular adnexal lymphoma: Subtype-specific clinical and genetic features. Diss. 2022.
Woo, Jung-Min, et al. "The clinical characteristics and treatment results of ocular adnexal lymphoma." Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 20.1 (2006): 7-12.