Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare immune disease. With our company's profound expertise in AIHA research, we are well-equipped to offer tailored solutions and comprehensive support to facilitate your research process from AIHA therapy development to therapy commercialization.
Introduction to AIHA
AIHA is a rare immune disorder characterized by the body's immune system mistakenly attacking its own red blood cells. AIHA occurs when the immune system produces antibodies that target and destroy red blood cells, leading to a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells, a condition known as anemia. AIHA is divided into warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) and cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cAIHA).
| Disease Types | Characteristic | Incidence | Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (wAIHA) | Presence of IgG antibodies that bind to red blood cells at normal body temperature | 5-10/1,000,000 | Most common type |
| Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (cAIHA) | Presence of IgM autoantibodies that bind to red blood cells at lower temperatures | 0.45-1.9/1,000,000 | Relatively rare type |
Pathogenesis of AIHA
The pathogenesis of AIHA involves a complex interplay between the immune system and red blood cells. In primary AIHA, the exact cause is unknown, and the immune system mistakenly recognizes self-antigens on red blood cells as foreign and mounts an immune response against them. Secondary AIHA, on the other hand, is associated with underlying conditions such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, medications, or blood cancers.
Fig. 1 Pathogenic mechanisms of red blood cell destruction. (Barcellini, Wilma, et al.,2020)Targets of AIHA Therapy
Autoantibodies
B cells are a subset of white blood cells that play a crucial role in the production of autoantibodies. Rituximab targets CD20 and effectively depletes B cells, reducing the production of autoantibodies and improving red blood cell survival. Rituximab has shown promising results in the therapeutics of AIHA.
Immune Pathways
Inhibition of specific immune pathways, such as the B-cell receptor signaling pathway or the complement cascade, can attenuate the immune response against red blood cells. Eculizumab targets complement protein C5, inhibits the complement cascade, and prevents complement activation-mediated destruction of red blood cells.
Our Services
Drawing upon our deep expertise in biotechnology and extensive experience in the industry, our company offers all-encompassing solutions for diagnostic and therapeutic research dedicated to AIHA.
- AIHA Diagnostic Development Services: For rare diseases such as AIHA, our company offers diagnostic development services. We are committed to assisting you in developing advanced diagnostic tools for AIHA to ensure accurate and timely testing.
- AIHA Therapeutic Development Services: Our services extend beyond diagnostics, and we are also committed to the development of novel therapeutics for rare diseases. Our company provides a wide range of services for the development of small molecule drug, cell therapy, gene therapy, therapeutic antibody, therapeutic peptide, and therapeutic protein. We excel in the development of monoclonal antibody medications specifically for addressing AIHA.
- AIHA Animal Model Development Service: To support the preclinical research and development of AIHA therapeutics, we offer AIHA animal models development services to facilitate your pharmacokinetics study and drug safety evaluation.
| Induced Models | ||
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| At our company, our scientists induce AIHA-like symptoms in animals by intraperitoneally injecting them with antibodies against red blood cells, such as anti-erythrocyte antibodies or anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies, which destroy red blood cells. In addition, we can also induce AIHA models through certain chemical drugs. | ||
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| Genetically Engineered Models | ||
| Utilizing cutting-edge gene manipulation technology, our researchers achieved the replication of specific AIHA-associated mutations in animal models, resulting in the successful generation of AIHA genetically engineered models. | ||
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| Optional Species | New Zealand black (NZB) Mice, Rats, Dogs, Cats Non-human Primates (Rhesus Macaques), Others | |
No matter what research stage you are at, we can provide you with corresponding research services. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information for related services.
References
- Barcellini, Wilma, et al. "New insights in autoimmune hemolytic anemia: from pathogenesis to therapy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9.12 (2020): 3859.
- Dei Zotti, Flavia, et al. "A new murine model of primary autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)." Frontiers in Immunology 12 (2021): 752330.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.