Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA)
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Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy that has seen increased incidence over the last few decades. It accounts for an estimated 40% of all cancers of the small bowel. Most of the SBA are located in the duodenum and have a poor overall survival rate. At Protheragen, we provide comprehensive and bespoke research services designed to meet the increasing challenges of gastrointestinal malignancies including infrequent and difficult-to-treat issues such as SBA.
Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) remains an uncommon malignancy, accounting for less than five percent of all cancers related to the gastrointestinal tract, and has a worse prognosis than other malignancies within the gastroenteric region. Although the small bowel consists of 90% of the surface area of the alimentary tract and 75% of its length, SBA is infrequent. Like most cancers, the tumor site does play a role in the specific complications it poses. In this type of adenocarcinoma, there are several complications which may include obstruction, jaundice, and even perforation.
Fig.1 Mechanism of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. (Ebrahimpour, M., et al., 2024)Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) has several risk factors, some of which include certain hereditary cancer syndromes and proinflammatory disorders. Recent advancements in genomic profiling provided evidence substantiating the distinction between SBA and other neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, thus offering recognition of SBA as a distinct type of intestinal cancer on a molecular level.
Fig.2 Frequency of genomic alterations. (Pandya, K., et al., 2022)Important molecular pathways leading to oncogenesis in SBA have also been uncovered by genomic profiling, including E-cadherin, KRAS, TP53, SMAD4, and a few more. SBA has a higher prevalence of microsatellite instability and a greater magnitude of tumor mutational burden.
| Drug Names | Mechanism of Action | Targets | NCT Number | Research Phase |
| MK-3475 | A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1 receptors in a highly selective manner. | PD-1 | NCT02949219 | Phase II |
| Avelumab | It binds PD-L1 so that it can no longer interact with the inhibitory T cell receptor. | PD-L1 | NCT03000179 | Phase II |
| NALIRIFOX | A combination therapy is delivered in an attempt to achieve more effective results. | / | NCT06835387 | Phase II |
| Abraxane | Hinder the dividing of cancer cells which may lead to apoptosis. | Tubulin | NCT01730586 | Phase II |
Disclaimer: Protheragen focuses on providing preclinical research services. This table is for information exchange purposes only. This table is not a treatment plan recommendation. For guidance on treatment options, please visit a regular hospital.
The streamlined processes have proven that we are your valued partners who combine scientific depth with operational agility. Our unified platform encompasses the entire spectrum of research from the identification of fundamental biomarkers to commercialization, allowing teams to solve biological enigmas and resource challenges. Be it novel therapeutics or diagnostics, and even disease model development, our holistic approach eliminates the obstacles in your research pipeline.
Although adenocarcinoma of the small bowel is uncommon, it is an aggressive malignancy. Its biological preclinical study requires sophisticated animal models. At our company, we specialize in providing advanced animal model development services for SBA that encompass the genetic, molecular, and microenvironmental aspects of the disease. This assists researchers and biopharma partners in accelerating translational research.
Genetically Engineering Models
SBA-associated mutations such as APC, KRAS, and TP53 are edited into intestinal epithelial cells using gene editing tools, allowing the study of early carcinogenesis and host-tumor interplay.
SBA tumor tissues from individuals are transplanted into immunodeficient animals, preserving the original tumor heterogeneity, molecular landscape, and drug response patterns.
With many years of broad experience in gastrointestinal oncology, Protheragen can provide enhanced services such as pharmacokinetics and drug safety evaluation. Innovation leads to collaboration, something we cherish immensely. Our leading position in the industry is maintained through partnerships with cancer centers and biopharma pioneers. If you would like to know more about what we offer, reach out to us for more information and pricing details.
References
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.