Glioblastoma (GBM)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor that poses significant challenges in diagnosis and drug development. Our company, with its expertise in molecular profiling, imaging, and animal model development, is at the forefront of GBM research, striving to advance our understanding of this devastating disease and develop effective therapies. By collaborating with researchers and utilizing cutting-edge technologies, our company is committed to making a meaningful impact in the fight against GBM.
Overview of Glioblastoma (GBM)
Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme or grade IV astrocytoma, is a highly infiltrative brain tumor characterized by abnormal astrocytic cells, necrotic regions, and diverse cell types, including blood vessels. The incidence of glioblastoma was 3.21/100 000. It exhibits diffuse invasion into adjacent brain regions and rarely spreads outside the central nervous system. GBM is classified into two types: de novo, which originates as a grade 4 tumor, and secondary, which evolves from lower-grade astrocytic tumors. The World Health Organization's recent updates in CNS tumor classifications have refined the understanding of GBM and its molecular markers.
Fig.1 Glioblastoma (GBM) therapies. (Wu, Weic, 2021)Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma (GBM)
The pathogenesis of GBM involves complex genetic and molecular alterations. Various molecular markers play a crucial role in the development and progression of GBM. For instance, EGFR amplification, TERT promoter mutation, and chromosome changes are commonly observed in GBM tumors. Additionally, MGMT promoter hypermethylation has been identified as a predictor of better response to chemotherapy. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM pathogenesis is essential for the development of targeted therapies.
Therapeutics Development of Glioblastoma (GBM)
- Targets of Glioblastoma (GBM) Therapy Development
Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptors Immune Checkpoints PD-I, CTLA-4 Immune Modulators and Regulators TIM-3, immune regulators Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), met proto-oncogene (MET), PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAM) pathway, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) Serine/Threonine-Specific Protein Kinase (STK) protein kinase C (PKC), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), endoglin, other STKs Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) - Epigenetic Targets histone deacetylase (HDAC), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), topoisomerase, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), EphA receptors, bromodomains, lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), isocitrate dehydrogenase Pathways JAK/STAT, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway Other Targets G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), cell surface receptor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3), translocator protein (TSPO), murine double minute-2 (MDM2), Rap1a GTPase, microtubules - Therapeutic Strategies of GBM
- Small molecules: Temozolomide, Carmustine (BCNU), Lomustine (CCNU), Fotemustine, et al.
- Radiation therapy (RT): 2D conventional RT, 3D conformal RT, Intensity-modulated RT, Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), Brachytherapy, Particle RT (Proton therapy), et al.
- Inhibitor Therapy: Irinotecan (CPT-11), Veliparib (ABT-888),Olaparib (AZD-2281, MK-7339), Niraparib (MK-4827), Pamiparib (BGB-290), Erlotinib, Gefitinib, et al.
- Immunotherapy: Cemiplimab, Nivolumab, CAR T cell therapy, et al.
Our Services
Our company, a leading organization in GBM research, specializes in providing services for diagnostic development and therapy development. We excel in utilizing state-of-the-art molecular profiling and genetic analysis techniques to identify potential targets for personalized therapies. With our cutting-edge imaging facilities, we ensure precise diagnosis and effective monitoring of GBM progression.
Meet your different needs:
Additionally, our expertise in animal model development allows for pharmacokinetics studies and drug safety evaluation. Through collaboration with leading researchers and access to advanced technologies, our company is dedicated to making significant contributions to GBM research.
Animal Models of GBM
- GEM (RCAS/Tva system)
- Syngenic models (GL26, GL261, P560, and CT-2A)
If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information of related services.
References
- Wu, Wei, et al. "Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): An overview of current therapies and mechanisms of resistance." Pharmacological Research 171 (2021): 105780.
- Thakur A, et al. "Glioblastoma: Current Status, Emerging Targets, and Recent Advances". J Med Chem. (2022) Jul 14; 65(13): 8596-8685.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.