Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a form of kidney cancer that initiates in the renal tubules. This intricate disease encompasses different subtypes, necessitating individualized therapeutic approaches. Our company is at the forefront of RCC drug and therapy development services, providing innovative solutions to combat this challenging disease.
Overview of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor that originates from the renal tubular epithelium, a crucial component responsible for blood filtration and urine production. The estimated incidence of RCC is approximately 4.4 cases per 100,000 population. This malignancy can develop in one or both kidneys and is often asymptomatic in its early stages, posing challenges for early detection. As the disease progresses, symptoms such as hematuria (blood in the urine), flank or lower back pain, and unexplained weight loss may arise. RCC is further classified into various subtypes, including clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, and others.
Pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
The exact cause of RCC is not fully understood, but various risk factors have been identified. The most common risk factors include smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and certain genetic conditions, such as Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. VHL disease is associated with the loss of function of the VHL gene, leading to the upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and the subsequent promotion of angiogenesis and cell proliferation.
Fig.1 Inflammation and immunosuppressive networks in renal cell carcinoma. (CM Díaz-Montero, et al., 2020)Targets of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Therapy
To effectively counteract RCC, it is imperative to identify and selectively target key molecules and pathways implicated in tumor growth and progression. Here, we present several potential targets that hold promise in the management of RCC.
- VEGF-R pathway
- mTOR pathway
- NF-κB pathway
- NOx pathway
- Tyrosin kinase pathway
- HSP70 pathway
- Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
Therapies of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
- Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy aims to harness the body's immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. In RCC, immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, have shown remarkable efficacy. These inhibitors block the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, reactivating the immune response against cancer cells. - Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapies are designed to selectively inhibit specific molecules or pathways involved in tumor growth. In RCC, targeted therapy primarily focuses on VEGF and mTOR signaling. Small molecule inhibitors, such as sunitinib, sorafenib, and pazopanib, have shown significant efficacy in inhibiting VEGF receptors, thereby reducing tumor angiogenesis and growth. Additionally, mTOR inhibitors, including temsirolimus and everolimus, target the mTOR pathway, inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell death.
Mechanism of action Drug Population Multi-targeted TKI Axitinib Second line, previous sunitinib, bevacizumab, temsirolimus, cytokine Cediranib First-line Tivozanib First-line anti-VEGF Linifanib Second line, previous sunitinib Regorafenib First-line Akt inhibitor Perifosine First-line; second-line after VEGFR-TKI Cytotoxic S-1 Second line, previous cytokine
Our Services
At our company, we offer a comprehensive range of services to support RCC diagnostics and therapy development. By analyzing the genetic and molecular characteristics of tumors, we can identify specific biomarkers and tailor therapy strategies accordingly.
Therapy Development Platforms
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of potential therapies, we provide animal model development services to support preclinical research. By leveraging our state-of-the-art facilities and expertise, we strive to accelerate the translation of promising therapies from bench to bedside.
Animal Model Development Services
| Chemically-induced Models | ||||
| Chemically-induced animal models provide an alternative approach for studying RCC by mimicking the effect of environmental carcinogens on kidney tissues. Our company offers comprehensive chemically-induced model development services. One such compound is ferric nitrotriacetate (Fe-NTA), which has been widely used to induce RCC in Wistar rats. Fe-NTA induces oxidative modifications in the kidney, leading to DNA base modifications and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). | ||||
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| Genetically Engineered Models | ||||
| Our company employs cutting-edge technologies to develop genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that mirror key genetic aberrations observed in human RCC. For instance, the loss of tumor suppressor genes such as Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and the activation of oncogenes like MET and mTOR signaling pathways are commonly observed in RCC. | ||||
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| Optional Species | Mouse, Rat, Others | |||
In addition to genetic engineering and chemically-induced models, our company offers a range of other innovative animal model development services to enhance RCC research. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information of related services.
References
- Díaz-Montero, C. Marcela, Brian I. Rini, and James H. Finke. "The immunology of renal cell carcinoma." Nature Reviews Nephrology 16.12 (2020): 721-735.
- Gray, Richard E., and Gabriel T. Harris. "Renal cell carcinoma: diagnosis and management." American family physician 99.3 (2019): 179-184.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.