Renal Tubular Acidosis
Renal tubular acidosis is a group of kidney disorders characterized by the renal tubules' inability to effectively regulate acid levels within the body, resulting in metabolic acidosis. Our company stands out as a leader in the diagnostics and therapeutics development of rare diseases. With a strong commitment to advancing research in this field, we offer comprehensive services tailored to meet the specific needs of researchers.
Overview of Renal Tubular Acidosis
Renal tubular acidosis is a medical condition characterized by an inability of the kidneys to effectively excrete acid, leading to a build-up of acid in the body. This condition can manifest in a multitude of symptoms ranging from fatigue to abnormal heart rhythms, with potential complications such as kidney stone formation and bone issues. There are three main types of renal tubular acidosis: Type 1 (distal renal tubular acidosis), Type 2 (proximal renal tubular acidosis), and Type 4 (hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis), with Type 3 embodying a rare amalgamation of distal and proximal features.
Fig.1 Pathogenesis of distal renal tubular acidosis. (Guo, W., et al., 2023)Pathogenesis of Renal Tubular Acidosis
Renal tubular acidosis can be due to a variety of causes, including genetic factors, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications. The pathogenesis of renal tubular acidosis can vary depending on the specific type. Type 1, characterized by defects in distal tubular function, often presents with hypokalemia, whereas Type 2, attributed to proximal tubular dysfunction, may intersect with systemic conditions like Fanconi syndrome or genetic anomalies. Type 4 renal tubular acidosis, associated with reduced aldosterone activity leading to impaired potassium excretion, frequently intertwines with underlying kidney diseases.
Fig.2 The kidney tubule defects causing the different types of renal tubular acidosis. (Palmer, B. F., et al., 2021)Therapeutics Development of Renal Tubular Acidosis
| Agents | Types of Renal Tubular Acidosis | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| NaHCO3 | Type 1/3 renal tubular acidosis | Maintain normal serum bicarbonate levels |
| KHCO3 | Type 1 renal tubular acidosis | Maintain normal serum bicarbonate levels |
| K-citrate / Potassium chloride | Type 1/2 renal tubular acidosis | Prevent further lowering of serum K+ concentrations |
| Vitamin D | Type 2 renal tubular acidosis | Prevent bone disease |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Type 2 renal tubular acidosis | Increase HCO3- reabsorption capacity |
| Fludrocortisone | Type 3 renal tubular acidosis | Reduce the permeability of capillaries and cell membranes |
| Loop diuretics | Type 3 renal tubular acidosis | Reduce serum K+ and help control volume overload |
| Patiromer | Type 3 renal tubular acidosis | Bind K+ ions in exchange for calcium ions in the colon |
Our Services
Our key advantage lies in our deep understanding and expertise in rare diseases, enabling us to provide specialized support throughout the research process. With our animal models and therapeutic development platform, we can help you deepen your understanding of the disease and accelerate the development of new therapies.
Therapy Development Platforms
Animal Models of Renal Tubular Acidosis
Animal models of renal tubular acidosis are essential for studying the pathogenesis of the condition, testing potential therapeutics, and gaining a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Our company can support a variety of animal models for you to study the physiological mechanisms and to test potential therapies.
Optional Models: Acetazolamide-induced model; Lithium-induced model, etc.
Optional Models: NBCe1 mutant model; Slc4a1tm1Llp model, etc.
ensuring that researchers have access to the most advanced technologies and methodologies. We provide comprehensive services including pharmacokinetic studies and drug safety evaluation, to promote the understanding, diagnosis, and therapy of rare diseases.
If you are interested in learning more about our services and how we can support your research endeavors, please do not hesitate to reach out to us for further information.
References
- Palmer, Biff F et al. "Renal Tubular Acidosis and Management Strategies: A Narrative Review." Advances in therapy 38.2 (2021): 949-968.
- Guo, Wenkai et al. "Genetic Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Renal Tubular Acidosis." Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 9.5 (2023): 371-383.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.