Takotsubo Syndrome

Takotsubo syndrome is a known cause of acute but reversible heart failure due to cardiovascular illnesses due to strong emotional stress that may sometimes seem like acute coronary syndrome. Protheragen, with a specific focus on Takotsubo syndrome and other uncommon cardiovascular disease research, strives to provide an end-to-end solution where scientific breakthroughs meet therapeutic innovations.

Introduction to Takotsubo Syndrome

Takotsubo syndrome is a condition that presents with acute regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) that can often be confused for an acute myocardial infarction. It is marked by temporary left ventricular systole dysfunction. Individuals, like most those who suffer from myocardial infarction, present with chest pain alongside ST-segment elevation or ischemia signs on the ECG and elevated troponin levels.

Fig.1 Induction of Takotsubo syndrome by stress. (Dong, F., et al., 2023)

Pathogenesis of Takotsubo Syndrome

As it stands, the mechanisms believed to be responsible for Takotsubo syndrome include increased circulating plasma catecholamines and their metabolites, sympathetic hyperexcitability, inflammation, microvascular dysfunction, spasm of the epicardial coronary arteries, deficient estrogen, and genetic and thyroid function abnormalities. However, the real etiologic link remains unclear and several factors likely interact. The strongest theory is the one of endogenous adrenergic surge which is intuitive in light of the profound association with sudden stressors, unfavorable physical disease, or general bodily injury.

Fig.2 Mechanisms involved in Takotsubo syndrome. (Singh, T., et al., 2022)

Therapeutics Development for Takotsubo Syndrome

Drug Names	Mechanism of Action	Targets	NCT Number	Research Phase
Cyclosporine A	Inhibition of calcineurin-mediated inflammation.	Calcineurin	NCT05946772	Phase II
Adenosine	Adenosine acts on purinergic receptors which results in blood vessel dilation and has anti-arhythmic properties.	A1R	NCT04666454	Phase IV
Beta-blockers	Protect from stressful stimuli and the following surge of catecholamines.	Beta-adrenergic receptor	NCT06509074	Phase IV
α-lipoic acid	Enhance the adrenergic cardiac innervation.	NF-κB	N/A	N/A

Disclaimer: Protheragen focuses on providing preclinical research services. This table is for information exchange purposes only. This table is not a therapy plan recommendation. For guidance on therapy options, please visit a regular hospital.

Our Services

Equipped with the latest technologies and tools, our multidisciplinary team of scientists and research professionals conduct transformative research. Our comprehensive services cover all aspects of diagnosis, therapeutics, and even disease modeling ranging from target identification and biomarker discovery to preclinical examination. Furthermore, we offer pharmacokinetic studies and drug safety evaluation to foster rapid, reliable, and seamless movement from idea to validation.

Therapeutic Development Services

Diverse Platforms

Animal Model Development Services

Building models of human diseases is an important step towards discovering the mechanisms and strategies of a given disease's pathophysiology. We offer custom animal model development services for Takotsubo syndrome that realistically replicate its physiological and pathological aspects. This allows for the evaluation of disease progression and testing of potential therapeutics.

Induced Model Development

Optional models:

Isoproterenol-induced model
PDE-3 inhibitor-induced model
Pilocarpine-induced model
Immobilization (IMO) stress-induced model
Other models

Genetically Engineered Model

Development of animal models having genetic alterations in stress and myocardial signaling proteins associated with Takotsubo syndrome.

Optional models:

Kv1.5^-/- model
Other models

Protheragen is here to help you in groundbreaking research and development in the sphere of rare cardiovascular diseases. Innovative labs, individualized service, and promise in research quality make us the leaders in the research of rare cardiovascular diseases. Reach out to our team now to see how we can work together form your project, or to get additional information about our complete range of services.

References

Singh, Trisha et al. "Takotsubo Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Emerging Concepts, and Clinical Implications." Circulation 145.13 (2022): 1002-1019.
Dong, Feng et al. "Takotsubo syndrome is a coronary microvascular disease: experimental evidence." European heart journal 44.24 (2023): 2244-2253.

For research use only, not for clinical use.