Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
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The rate of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the U.S. and Western countries is on a rapid increase and is considered a lethal cancer type. Protheragen is a leading research service provider and works towards providing preclinical drug development services for esophageal adenocarcinoma, supporting the advancement of esophageal adenocarcinoma therapies and doing so through optimum quality services and thorough research analysis.
Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a rare type of esophageal cancer that still has staggering rates of morbidity and mortality throughout the globe. The esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence has increased from 0.4 cases per 100000 to 2.6 cases per 100000. Esophageal adenocarcinoma 5-year survival of less than 20% which is mostly due to the diseases being diagnosed at even later stages where no therapeutic has even been developed and often debilitating.
The risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma include chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus, obesity as well as cigarette smoking. Among them, GERD is the most common, which results in prolonged exposure of the esophageal epithelium to acidic content from the stomach. This results in several genetic changes within the esophagus cells that may contribute to the onset of esophageal adenocarcinoma. While p53 is engaged in erasing the mutated cells, NFκB directs the healthy cells to repair the injury, there is a caveat though, and that is when mutations happen to TP53 and this pushes these cells to be tumorigenic.
Fig.1 Changes in epigenetics as Barrett's esophagus advances to esophageal cancer. (Ergun, P., et al., 2023)| Drug Names | Mechanism of Action | Targets | Research Phase |
| Nivolumab | An immunotherapy drug that targets PD-L1 protein. | PD-L1 | Phase III |
| Atezolizumab | Interacts with the protein PD-L1 presented on the surface of particular malignant cells. | PD-L1 | Phase II |
| Cranberry proanthocyanidins | Exhibited prebiotic activity preventing gastroesophageal reflux disease-induced dysbiosis and reducing bile acids metabolism. | / | Preclinical |
| Ad5/3-pCDX2 | Specifically targeting CDX2 to exert anti-cancer effects. | CDX2 | Preclinical |
Disclaimer: Protheragen focuses on providing preclinical research services. This table is for information exchange purposes only. This table is not a treatment plan recommendation. For guidance on treatment options, please visit a regular hospital.
In our quest to ensure that each project's unique requirements are met, we focus on custom drug development protocols along with utilizing the most recent technologies. Our service offers a wide range of preclinical studies intended to accelerate the drug discovery process for esophageal adenocarcinoma, these include diagnostic and therapeutic development, as well as disease model development.
With the aid of animal models, therapeutic procedures and human diseases can be simulated in a way that is impossible to carry out on actual human beings. Our company offers customized animal model development, mainly to research Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, enabling efficient and accurate preclinical studies.
Performing esophagoduodenal anastomosis with total gastrectomy to expose the esophagus to duodenal content reflux.
Developing models through genomic manipulation to target specific genes associated with esophageal cancer progression, including P63, CDX2, and IL1β.
Injecting cancer cells subcutaneously or orthotopically into immunodeficient animals. PDX model involves engrafting an individual's tumor biopsies into immunodeficient animals.
Inducing esophageal cancer in animals by treating them with carcinogens like NMBA, DCA, and MNU, or feeding them a diet deficient in specific nutrients such as zinc.
In addition, Protheragen further offers comprehensive efficacy and safety evaluations, pharmacokinetic studies, and toxicity assessments to guarantee the development of prospective therapeutics. All our customized solutions and pledges seek to assist researchers and pharmaceutical industries in the quest for groundbreaking esophageal adenocarcinoma and other gastrointestinal therapeutic solutions. If you are interested in our services, kindly contact us for quotations and further information.
Reference
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.