Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (TGCT)
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT), also known as giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS), is a rare benign neoplasm that predominantly affects the synovial lining of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. Our company stands at the forefront of rare disease research with a team of professionals and cutting-edge technology, which can provide all-around support for your research of TGCT.
Overview of TGCT
TGCT can occur in any joint but most commonly affects the knee, hip, and hand. It is more commonly seen in adults aged 30-50 years, with a slightly higher prevalence in females. The classification of TGCT primarily involves distinguishing between diffuse and localized forms. The incidence of TGCT is estimated to be around 14 cases per million person-years, with diffuse TGCT exhibiting more aggressive and locally invasive characteristics compared to the localized form.
Fig.1 TGCT pathophysiology. (Robert, M., et al., 2022)Pathogenesis of TGCT
The pathogenesis of TGCT involves an abnormal proliferation of specialized synovial cells known as macrophages or histiocytes. The excessive proliferation of these cells forms characteristic nodules or villi within the synovial lining, which can erode adjacent cartilage and bone, causing symptoms such as pain, swelling, and joint stiffness. This abnormal cell proliferation is associated with specific genetic translocations on chromosome 1p13, resulting in the fusion of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) with collagen type VI alpha-3 (COL6A3) at 2q35, and the overexpression of CSF1.
Therapeutics of TGCT
Intra-articular (IA) Therapy
Local injection of anti-TNF-α drugs like infliximab and etanercept can help inhibit tumor growth mechanisms. Furthermore, anti-angiogenic drugs (bevacizumab) and IgG2 monoclonal antibodies targeting CSF1R (AMB-05X), also demonstrate potential anti-tumor properties.
Targeted CSF1R Therapy
One of the key areas of focus in TGCT therapeutics lies in targeted CSF1R therapies, where selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as pexidartinib, imatinib, nilotinib, vimseltinib (DCC-3014), and emactuzumab have shown efficacy in alleviating symptoms in individuals.
Our Services
With a team of seasoned professionals and cutting-edge resources at our company, providing you with animal models and therapeutic development platforms. We are well-equipped to support and facilitate the exploration of the underlying pathophysiology of TGCT, as well as the creation of innovative therapeutic solutions.
Platforms of TGCT Therapy Development
Animal Models of TGCT
Animal models serve as an invaluable tool for gaining insights into the pathogenesis, behavior, and potential therapeutics for TGCT. Our company boasts a diverse range of TGCT animal models that are meticulously designed to aid and enhance your research endeavors.
| Xenograft Models | ||
| TGCT cells or tissues can be extracted from individuals and transplanted into animal models, to study the progression of the disease and test potential therapies. | ||
| Optional Models |
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| Genetically Engineered Models | ||
| Animal models with genetic modifications targeting specific genes or pathways (such as CSF1/CSF1R) implicated in TGCT can be used to study related aspects of the disease or to investigate potential therapeutic approaches. | ||
| Optional Models |
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| Optional Species | Mice, Rats, Zebrafish, Non-Human Primates, Others | |
With a strong emphasis on innovation and scientific excellence, our company offers a comprehensive suite of services aimed at advancing TGCT research. From pharmacokinetics analysis to drug safety evaluation, our expertise and state-of-the-art technology are poised to propel your research to new heights.
Should you express interest in availing our services, we encourage you to reach out to us for further details and pricing information tailored to your specific requirements.
References
- Robert, Marie et al. "Update on Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor, an Inflammatory Arthritis with Neoplastic Features." Frontiers in immunology 13 (2022): 820046.
- Chan, Abigail S et al. "Updates on the Treatment of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor." Hematology/oncology and stem cell therapy 16.4 (2023): 307-315.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.