Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is a condition that emerges relatively quickly after a victim is exposed to high levels of radiation within a very short period of time. Our company aims to focus on creating modern diagnostics and therapeutics designed specifically for the therapeutic of ARS. As a trusted partner in your ARS investigations, we provide comprehensive solutions to fulfill all your scientific and therapeutic needs.
Overview of ARS
Certain enemies, such as nuclear wars involving bombs or blasts, can result in dangerous injuries in people. True to this, ARS is a critical side effect of nuclear radiation. It is also referred to as radiation illness stemming from an ailment that occurs when the whole body or parts of the body is exposed to high amounts of radiation within a short time frame. While ARS is rare in nature, it is still present, and recording its frequency is extremely hard.
Fig. 1 Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSC for therapeutics of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). (Bandekar, Mayuri, et al., 2021)Pathogenesis of ARS
The underlying pathogenesis of ARS is believed to be the loss of immature parenchymal stem cells located within certain specific tissues which are exposed to radiation. The ARS syndrome severity ranges widely on a number of systems and clinical signs present in the individual, the ARS dose and exposure time selected within parameters, and the region of the body impacted. ARS is classically defined by three classic syndromes.
| Syndrome Name | Irradiation Dose | Symptom | Survival Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bone Marrow Syndrome (Hematopoietic Syndrome) | 0.7-10 Gy (70-1000 rads) | The destruction of the bone marrow causes blood cell counts to drop, making the individual susceptible to infection and bleeding. | Death within a few months |
| Gastrointestinal Syndrome | 10-50 Gy (1000-5000 rads) | Destruction of stem cells in the bone marrow and lining of the gastrointestinal tract leads to infection, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance. | Death within two weeks |
| Cardiovascular/Central Nervous System Syndrome | Greater than 50 Gy (＞5000 rads) | Symptoms include circulatory collapse and increased cranial pressure due to edema, vasculitis, and meningitis. | Death within three days |
Strategies of ARS Therapy Development
Promote Blood Cell Production
The irradiated, like the rest of the human population, suffer from a shortage of immature parenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow, which always results in a deficient blood cell production and ultimately brings about an underwork of the immune system. Colony stimulating factors CSF constitute a group of drugs capable of blood cell formation and to some extent antagonize radiation induced bone marrow depression.
Inhibit Inflammatory Responses
The tissues of irradiated individuals may suffer hyper-reactive conditions that, in the case of exposure to radiation, can be extremely harmful. Injury exacerbation does not relate solely to the peripheral zone but to the centripetal portions too. Injury using anti-inflammatory cytokines that capture cell-structure, action, and force-inject the tissue lifts the above mentioned restrain and blockade of inflammation exacerbation.
Prevent Radiation Damage
Many radioprotective agents and radiomitigators spare the structures and functionalities of the cells and tissues against radiation damage by modulating some pathways of radiation damage induction. Some of the known radioprotective agents are amifostine that scavenges free radicals and also mitigates damage to the DNA, and mesna, which prevents bladder radiation injury.
Our Services
As a frontrunner in the field of biological research and CRO services, our company is dedicated to offering holistic solutions for the diagnostics development and therapy research of ARS. Through collaborations with industry experts, we have established all-encompassing platforms for rare diseases to facilitate ARS therapy development.
Platforms of ARS Therapy Development
Recognizing the significance of dependable animal models in ARS disease research, our company is committed to offering animal model development services that facilitate preclinical research and aid in drug discovery endeavors.
Animal Models of ARS
| Induced Models | |
|---|---|
| We specialize in utilizing controlled radiation exposure to induce symptoms of ARS in animal models. Our team of scientists customizes a radiation exposure protocol based on your specific requirements, simulating relevant scenarios or occupational exposures. This involves carefully determining the radiation dose, dose rate, and method of irradiation, such as total body or partial irradiation, to accurately replicate the desired conditions. | |
| Optional Models | Radiation-Induced Model |
| Optional Species | Rodents (Mice, Rats, Rabbits), Canines (Beagles), Minipigs, Non-Human Primates (NHP), Others |
With complete animal species resources, we can meet your diversified preclinical research including drug safety evaluation and pharmacokinetic analysis. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information for related services.
References
- Bandekar, Mayuri, et al. "Preclinical studies and clinical prospects of Wharton's Jelly-derived MSC for treatment of acute radiation syndrome." Current Stem Cell Reports 7.2 (2021): 85-94.
- Hollingsworth, Brynn A., et al. "Acute radiation syndrome and the microbiome: impact and review." Frontiers in Pharmacology 12 (2021): 643283.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.