Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is a pathogen of infectious origin to humans which possesses potential to cause severe tissue damage in the body and is a prominent agent for immunosuppression. Our company is working towards the cause and provides support in vaccine and therapy technologies, developing in vitro animal models and conducting preclinical studies.
Introduction to Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, which is also known as the gram-staining bacterium, is often associated with multiple infections. As previously established, this bacterium is Gram positive in nature, it was previously referred to as Corynebacterium Haemolyticum. This pathogen possesses the ability to be pharyngitis, eem infection, soft tissue infection pneumonia and even sepsis. Bacteria of this strain are hemolytic, oyshromia, neuraminidase and phospholipase D producers. The inclusion of arcanolysin, a cholesterol dependent cytolysin, adresses completely his potential role as a key virulence factor.
Fig. 1 Gram stain analysis of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum colonies. (Verona J., et al., 2020)
Pathogenesis of Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection
The virulent factors produced during Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection are responsible for the invasion of the bacteria and subsequent damage to the host tissue and cells which describes the pathogenesis of this infection. The phospholipase D enzyme similar to the one in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis assists in the invasion of mammalian cells by tearing their membranes which promotes the adhesion of bacteria onto their target host cells and also helps in the induction of necrosis in these cells. This necrosis leads to the further invasion as this enzyme disintegrates masochistic and protects the invaders.
Arcanolysin which is a cholesterol dependent cytolysin of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum bacteria can also be phospholipase D demonstrating itself as a virulent determinant. This cytolysin as already mentioned has a cytotoxic effect and can be responsible for tissue damage during the Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection.
Vaccine and Therapeutics Development for Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection
Vaccine
Currently, there is no specific vaccine for Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection and as such development of a vaccine for this pathogen highlights great potential in the prevention and the distribution of such infections. Theoretically, it may be possible to target the main virulence determinants, phospholipase D and arcanolysin, to induce an immune response that will prevent their activities, bacterial penetration, and tissue damage.
Therapy
The specific approach to control an Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection with the use of antibiotics is still undetermined. In any case, some antibiotics have worked against this pathogen. For example, Erythromycin is considered the drug of choice for moderate pharyngitis, while penicillin G can be used as a second line agent. For invasive infections the drugs can include penicillin, gentamicin and alone or in combination with erythromycin.
Our Services
Let us state clearly that we actively fight against Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infections, developing both vaccines and therapies close to this particular disease. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is one of the pathogens caused by infectious agents. To reinforce the fight against this pathogen, we assemble a competent group of scientists and researchers who are able to provide a wide range of services.
- Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection Mouse Models
- Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection Rat Models
- Other Arcanobacterium Haemolyticum Infection Models
Our firm is focused on providing effective ways of countering this pathogen and take into consideration all aspects of development of the vaccine and potential therapies that would assist in better understanding this pathogen and how to counteract the Arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection. Customarily if our services seem to be of interest to you, we kindly invite you to contact us in order to learn more and obtain a comprehensive estimate regarding the required services.
References
- Verona Julián, et al. "Bacteremia and sepsis by Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in a young immunocompetent patient." Revista argentina de microbiología 52.4 (2020): 283-287.
- Alós, Juan-Ignacio. "Arcanobacterium haemolyticum." Infectious Disease & Antimicrobial Agents (2019).
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