The Gram-negative Salmonella bacterium is responsible for salmonellosis which is a health threat worldwide and our company is focused on fully developing a specialized salmonella vaccine and therapeutic through exhaustive research, collaboration, and stringent testing.
Overview of Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis is an infectious disease caused by organisms belonging to the genus Salmonella; these are rod-shaped, gram-negative bacilli, falling within the Enterobacteriaceae family. The infection shows salmonellosis emerging the symptoms of diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain that usually begin to develop around 6 hours and 6 days after infection.
Overall, salmonellosis manifest itself in two forms: typhoidal and non-typhoidal. Typhoidal salmonella, in particular Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi causes typhoid fever, which is a type of systemic infection with very dangerous symptoms if left untreated. Non-typhoidal salmonella (NTS) include vary of serotypes but systemically cause mainly gastroenteritis.
Fig.1 S. Typhimurium uses its virulence factors for ecosystem engineering. (Rogers A. W., et al., 2021)
Vaccine Development for Salmonellosis
The quest to develop vaccines for salmonellosis is of utmost importance to scientists and the biopharmaceutical industry. To achieve this goal, a lot of strategies have been coined:
Live Attenuated Vaccines
The use of live attenuated vaccines, for example, Ty21a in treating Salmonella Typhi, is effective for enteric fever and such vaccines produce high level immune response by simulating the infection which has only been applied to select serovars.
Subunit and Conjugate Vaccines
Preclinical trials suggest potential for subunit vaccines which may incorporate purified bacterial parts such as flagellin proteins and O-antigens. Additionally, conjugate vaccinations which link carrier proteins to the antiflags are also being considered as promising improvement in immunity against multiple Salmonella serovars.
Generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMA) provide an innovative approach by displaying surface polysaccharides and outer membrane proteins in their natural form. This self-adjuvating technology shows promise as an excellent immunologic agent by being able to offer its service at a significantly lower cost which comes of great use for worldwide health.
Therapeutics Development for Salmonellosis
| Therapeutics |
Description |
| Antibiotic Therapy |
Traditionally, antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and ampicillin, have been the cornerstone of salmonellosis therapeutics. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has necessitated the search for alternative therapies. |
| Probiotics and Prebiotics |
Probiotics, such as Saccharomyces boulardii, have demonstrated the ability to modulate the host immune response and exert antagonistic effects against Salmonella. Prebiotics can enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria, indirectly combating Salmonella colonization. |
| Bacteriophage Therapy |
Bacteriophages, which are viruses that target bacteria, have garnered interest due to their precise targeting and effectiveness in combating antibiotic resistance. They have the unique ability to specifically attack harmful bacteria while leaving the good ones unharmed. |
Our Services
Our company is actively working towards making progress in vaccines and therapies for salmonellosis diseases. We offer our clients an all-in-one development solution due to our proficient team of experts blending their diverse skilled fields including microbiologists, immunologists, and preclinical professionals
Preclinical Research
- Drug Safety Evaluation
- In Vivo Pharmacokinetics Study
- In Vitro Pharmacokinetics Study
- Activity Testing
- Drug Resistance Evaluation
Disease Models
- Humanized Mouse Models: Salmonella Typhi
- Rabbit Models: peroral and intraperitoneal infection
- Streptomycin-Treated Mouse Models
- Ileal Loop Models: calves, rabbits, pigs, and primates
- Zebrafish Embryos
Our projects revolve around the search for new vaccine candidates through a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies. We also incorporate genomic analysis as well as proteomic analysis in our research in order to identify suitable antigens that can be employed for the development of efficient vaccines. Such multifaceted services are tailored to respond to these challenges, fuelling the progress in the efforts to lessen the devastation caused by the diseases. For any such inquiries, do not hesitate to reach us.
References
- Rogers, Andrew WL, Renée M. Tsolis, and Andreas J. Bäumler. "Salmonella versus the Microbiome." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 85.1 (2021): 10-1128.
- Gut, Abraham Majak, et al. "Salmonella infection–prevention and treatment by antibiotics and probiotic yeasts: a review." Microbiology 164.11 (2018): 1327-1344.
- Higginson, Ellen E., Raphael Simon, and Sharon M. Tennant. "Animal models for salmonellosis: applications in vaccine research." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 23.9 (2016): 746-756.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use
only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.
